begonia are fond perennial , rise for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in pots , in the earth , or in hanging baskets in permeate brightness and moist , but well drained land . Where not unfearing , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rootstock cutting in addition to being sown from seed . This bushy begonia has attractive foliation with heavy , bleak leaves . The bloom are white . Stemming is upright and zig - zag between the nodes . This plant life love filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias rise very well in peat - based compost also .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and spectre patterns change during the day . The western side of a house may even be funny due to phantasm cast by large trees or a bodily structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your Old home plate , take time to map out sun and shade throughout the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . You will get a more precise feel for your site ’s genuine calorie-free conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that choose partially shady experimental condition , filtrate lightis apotheosis . Good planting sites are under a mid to gravid sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that lets some light through their branch or beneath taller plants that will offer some protective covering . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is niggling or no light in the raise zone . Shade can be the result of a ripe pedestal of trees or shadows cast by a house or building . Plants that require full shade are usually susceptible to sunburn . Full shade beneath trees may pose additional problems ; not only is there no light source , but competition for piddle , nutrients and root outer space .
Partial shademeans that an area find dribble light , often through magniloquent branches of an open grow Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree . Root rivalry is unremarkably less . Partial shade can also be achieved by locate a plant beneath an pergola or lathe - comparable structure . louche side of a building are normally the northerly or northeast sides . These sides also tend to be a little cooler . It is not rare for works that can tolerate full sun or some Dominicus in cool climates to require some ghost in warmer climate due to stress placed on the flora from reduced moisture and excessive heat . consideration : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample piddle , or those labeled asmoisture - eff houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the dirt is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of lot . Re - water when potting stain becomes dry to the touch an in or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Types of PruningTypes of pruning include : pinching , cutting , shearing and rejuvenate .
Pinching is removing the root tip of a young industrial plant to push ramify . Doing this annul the want for more terrible pruning later on .
Thinning postulate removing whole offset back to the trunk . This may be done to open up up the DoI of a works to allow more light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on plant disease . The well manner to begin thinning is to begin by removing drained or diseased wood .
Shearing is even out the control surface of a shrub using hired man or electric shear . This is done to maintain the desire human body of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is removal of old branches or the overall reduction of the size of it of a shrub to restore its original form and size . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a plant at a fourth dimension . Remember to absent branch from the inside of the plant as well as the exterior . When rejuvenate plants with canes , such as nandina , cut back canes at various heights so that flora will have a more natural flavour . Conditions : promising Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly photo window or within 2 to 5 metrical foot of a southern exposure windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor unspoiled plant performance , it is desirable to pit the right plant with the available wakeful conditions . Right plant , right berth ! industrial plant which do not get sufficient ignitor may become pallid in colour , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out coming into court . Also expect plant life to develop deadening and have fewer flush when light is less than desirable . It is possible to allow for supplemental firing for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a nuance loving works is exposed to direct sunshine , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
If the problem is only on the Earth’s surface , it maybe diverted to a drainage ditch . If drain is pitiable where water tabular array is eminent , put in an underground drainage system . You should contact a contractor for this . If clandestine drains already exist , check to see if they are block .
French drains are another option . French drains are ditch that have been filled with crushed rock . It is okay to plant sod on top of them . More obtrusive , but a estimable root where looks are n’t as important , consider of the French drain as a ditch sate with crushed rock . Ditches should be 3 to 4 feet deep and have sloping sides .
A soakway is a gravel meet pit where water is diverted to via underground pipage . This works well on sites that have compact grease . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and recondite and filled with gravel or crushed rock , topped with sand and sod or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to divert water onto other people ’s property . If you do not experience that you could implement a viable solution on your own , call a contractile organ . Tools : Watering AidesNo gardener depends 100 % on natural rain . Even the most water witting garden appreciates the right hose , lacrimation can or baton .
The cay to lacrimation is water deeply and less frequently . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. provide enough urine to thoroughly saturate the root globe . With in - background plants , this mean soundly pawn the filth until water has penetrated to a deepness of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being near ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to allow water to hang through the drainage holes .
attempt to water flora betimes in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from industrial plant leave prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until works wilt . Although some plants will recuperate from this , all industrial plant will conk if they droop too much ( when they arrive at the permanent wilting head ) .
Consider water preservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip arrangement which lento drop wet straight on the root organisation can be purchased at your local menage and garden snapper . Mulches can importantly cool the base zona and conserve wet .
Consider adding water - lay aside gelatin to the root zone which will reserve a reserve of water for the plant life . These can make a world of difference specially under stressful conditions . Be certain to succeed recording label management for their employment .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and water regularly , as condition require . Most works like 1 in of water supply a week during the grow time of year , but take caution not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular tearing is crucial for establishment . The first year is vital . It is better to water once a workweek and piddle deeply , than to piss oft for a few minute . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it significant to supply them with equal water supply . Proper lachrymation is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant life will wilt . When too much water is applied too oftentimes , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease pass off such as root and stalk rots .
The key to tearing is frequency . water system well then expect long enough until the works needs to be re - watered according to its moisture prerequisite .
When watering , H2O well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized plants , practice enough water to set aside water to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using moth-eaten piddle especially with houseplants . This can scandalise bid roots . Fill lachrymation can with tepid water or allow cold water system to sit for a while to come to room temperature before lacrimation . This is a good means to provide any harmful chlorine in the body of water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant are best irrigate by torpedo - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plant . Simply place the Mary Jane in a shallow goat god filled with tepid water and let the industrial plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be good stiff . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
employ an unpainted dowel pin to help you determine when to re - water larger skunk . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The joggle will soak up moisture from the soil and turn a dark-skinned color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how pissed the soil root testicle is .
root need oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit down in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 in of aged manure or compost and workplace into the planting site to amend fertility rate and increase water retention and drain . If soil make-up is weak , a layer of topsoil should be conceive as well . No matter if your soil is sand or corpse , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constituent matter . The more , the good ; work late into the dirt . Prepare beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of oeuvre now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of upkeep - free gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other industrial plant . One thing that recognise perennial is that they tend to be alive cultivator that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loosen vigour .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and slim them out now and then . This will prevent them from completely take over an area to the excommunication of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce plenteous seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they imprint semen . This will preclude your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it take the plant life to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may take form a obtuse source mass that eventually lead to a less vigorous works . It is advisable to occasionally lose weight out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the root system , you could make new plant to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will provoke new ontogeny and regenerate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully split up in either natural spring or dusk . Do a little prep ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an ornamental feature , a planting choice when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a land character not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If grow more than one industrial plant in a container , ensure that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow ascendent growing and ontogeny as well as proportional Libra between the fully develop flora and the container . Plant enceinte container in the place you think them to detain . All container should have drainage hole . A mesh screen , break clay skunk pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee filter put over the fix will keep soil from launder out . The potting grease you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality dirt ( or stain - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and equally when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicant that your land may not be as unspoilt as you opine .
Prior to fill a container with soil , wet potting dirt in the bag or place in a tub or lawn cart so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a layer that will set aside plants , when planted , to be just below the flange of the pot . Rootballs should be plane with soil telephone circuit when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by take sun and shade through the day , exposure , water prerequisite , climate , stain constitution , seasonal color desired , and military position of other garden plants and tree .
The best prison term to plant are springiness and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the vantage that rootage can develop and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike wet term or for cold area , allow full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless embed a more established sized works .
To plant container - grow plants : Prepare plant holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the redundant weewee drain before carefully absent from the container . Carefully tease the root ball and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bound , separate ascendant with fingers . A few slit made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protect from direct Lord’s Day until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : industrial plant as soon as possible after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread root and make for soil among origin as you fill in . Water well and protect from verbatim Dominicus until static .
To plant seedling : A number of perennial produce self - sown seedlings that can be transfer . You may also embark on your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting mess , space appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and H2O well . Shade from direct sun and water supply regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have choose is suitable for the conditions you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough lite , space , and a temperature it will like . think of that the expanse properly next to a window will be colder than the rest of the elbow room .
Indoor plants need to be graft into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the stem ball together when you transfer it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the flora out of the spate , taste running a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh grunge when transplanting your indoor plant . fill up around the works gently with land , being deliberate not to pack too tightly – you require airwave to be able to get to the source . After the flora is in the new peck , do n’t fertilize justly away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their unexampled family .
The sizing lot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch majuscule in diameter . Remember , many flora prefer being moderately pot bind . Always bulge out with a uninfected green goddess !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is witness in most soils and get into the plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease tearing . If a plant is too far travel ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , put away the soil too . wash away the raft with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts H2O solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . Consult a master for a sound recommendation of what fungicide to utilize . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing dirt ball that attack many types of plants and fly high in live , ironical status ( like heated houses ) . They can breed quickly as a female can lay up to 300 ball in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to works is due to the young larvae which give on tender leaf and flower tissue . This leads to misrepresented increment , injured bloom petal and premature prime drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep locoweed down and utilise block out on window to keep them out . off or discard infested works , keep them away from non - infested plant life . Trap with scandalmongering muggy cards or take advantage of born enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a honest steady shower of water will wash them off the industrial plant . confab your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for sound chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which flourish in blistering , dry status ( like heated star sign ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plant to appear white-livered and specked . folio drop and plant dying can occur with laborious infestation . wanderer mite can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life straddle of 30 mean solar day . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and hit infested flora . Dry air seems to worsen the job , so make indisputable works are on a regular basis watered , peculiarly those prefer high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is urge by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all recording label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the underside of the leave as that is where wanderer mites in general last . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , irksome - white , soft - corporate insects that produce a waxy powdery continue . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften look like minuscule pieces of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems arm . They lash out a wide-eyed reach of plants . The untried tend to move around until they retrieve a suitable feeding spot , then they pay heed out in colony and feed . mealy bug can weaken a plant leading to chicken foliage and leaf drib . They also produce a mellifluous substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can chair to an untempting disgraceful Earth’s surface fungal growth called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade industrial plant from those that are not . confer your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance good word . Encourage natural foeman such as lady beetle in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that look like bantam moth , which attack many types of plants . The flying grownup stage prefers the underside of leaf to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 nut in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the plant life is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a flora , eventually conduct to plant end if they are not checked . They can transfer many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet marrow called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can head to an unattractive inglorious surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Possible ascendance : keep widow’s weeds down ; consumption screening in window to keep them out ; absent infested works forth from non - infested plants ; expend a reflective mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plant life ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellowish sticky cards , apply pronounce pesticides ; encourage rude enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden ; and sometimes a good unfluctuating shower of water will wash them off the plant life . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist clime and are mollusks , not insects . They can be ravening feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet . They may eat on holes in leaves , strip total base , or completely devour seedlings and attendant transplants , leave behind tell - story silvery , ugly trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as fresh as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leaf rubble , over - turn pot , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shadowed place and heavy mulches render protection from the constituent and can be favorite hiding places . In the leap , police for and demolish egg ( clusters of small-scale translucent spheres ) and adult during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from late saltation through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for shaver and positron emission tomography ; take care when using them - always understand the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are worse where nights are cool and years are ardent and humid . The powdery white or hoar fungus is usually found on the upper surface of folio or yield . leaf will often turn yellow or browned , curl up , and sink off . New foliation emerges scrunch and misshapen . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant immune varieties and infinite plant properly so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping piss off the foliage . This is preponderating for roses . Go slowly on the nitrogen plant food . Apply fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes dangerous and follow directions exactly , not lack any postulate treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the dusk and put down . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are because of fungi or bacterium . Brown or grim spots and patch may be either ragged or orbitual , with a water system soaked or yellow - edged appearance . louse , rainwater , cheating garden tools , or even people can avail its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the works is juiceless . Leaves that collect around the home of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be point at soil level . For fungal leafage smirch , use a recommended fungicide consort to label directions .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insects , link up to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide-cut variety of plant life - indoor and outside . immature scales crawl until they ascertain a good feeding site . The adult female person then lose their peg and remain on a blot protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as swelling , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth parts that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue paper . scurf can break a plant leading to lily-livered foliation and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet nitty-gritty called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting disastrous surface fungal increase called coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants aside from those that are not infest . look up your local garden nub professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their dominance . further natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is come up on the Earth’s surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew eliminate from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant . The skilful way to control sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mould can usually be pass over from leave of absence with a moist cloth or wash forth with a hosepipe - end sprayer .
